科研動(dòng)態(tài)

熒光原位雜交技術(shù)可快速鑒定病原菌，較傳統(tǒng)病原分離鑒定方法具有明顯優(yōu)勢。針對(duì)我國動(dòng)物布魯氏菌病和牛結(jié)核病這兩個(gè)重要的人獸共患病，目前還沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的熒光原位雜交檢測方法可供參考。為建立布魯氏菌和牛結(jié)核分枝桿菌熒光原位雜交檢測方法，快速診斷動(dòng)物布魯氏菌病和牛結(jié)核病，利用布魯氏菌探針Bru-996和結(jié)核分枝桿菌探針MTB770，通過優(yōu)化雜交溫度、雜交時(shí)間和樣品處理等關(guān)鍵條件，確定最佳檢測程序；根據(jù)已知背景的菌株和臨床樣品，對(duì)Bru-996和MTB770探針的特異性和敏感性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，最終建立了熒光復(fù)位雜交診斷方法。結(jié)果顯示：反應(yīng)條件優(yōu)化后，該方法可在4 h內(nèi)完成布魯氏菌檢測；熒光標(biāo)記Bru-996探針與布魯氏菌待檢菌株的雜交結(jié)果均為陽性，而與結(jié)核分枝桿菌、禽結(jié)核分枝桿菌和大腸桿菌雜交結(jié)果均為陰性，并從5個(gè)已知背景的組織病料中成功檢出布魯氏菌。牛結(jié)核分枝桿菌檢測則需要6~8 h，雜交前必須對(duì)樣品用二甲苯和溶菌酶進(jìn)行處理；MTB770探針可特異性識(shí)別并能從牛肺部結(jié)節(jié)中檢出牛結(jié)核分枝桿菌。結(jié)果表明，熒光原位雜交方法快速、簡便，而且Bru-996和MTB770探針分別在布魯氏菌和牛結(jié)核分枝桿菌檢測上具有較高的特異性，可替代傳統(tǒng)的病原分離鑒定，作為動(dòng)物布魯氏菌病和牛結(jié)核病的實(shí)驗(yàn)室確診方法。

Application of Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization in Detection

of Brucella and Mycobacterium bovis

Compared with traditional methods of pathogen isolation and identification，fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH）technology could be used to rapidly identify pathogenic bacteria due to its obvious advantages. However，there has been no any formal FISH technology for two kinds of major zoonoses（animal brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis）in China. In order to develop the FISH technology for rapidly diagnosing the two diseases，the probes of Brucella（Bru-996）and Mycobacterium tuberculosis（MTB770）were used to determine the optimal detection procedure by optimizing the temperature and time of hybridization，dealing with samples and optimizing other important conditions. Then the specificity and sensitivity of the two probes were evaluated based on strains with known background and clinical samples. The results showed that Brucella could be detected within 4 hours after reaction conditions were optimized. The hybridizations between Bru-996 probe and Brucella strains were positive，and that between Bru-996 probe and Mycobacterium bovis，Mycobacterium avium and Escherichia coli were all negative；and Brucella was successfully detected from five tissue materials with known background. It would take 6 to 8 hours when Mycobacterium bovis was detected，and samples must be treated with Xylene and Lysozyme prior to hybridization. Mycobacterium bovis could be identified and detected from bovine pulmonary nodules by MTB770 probe. In view of the advantages of FISH technology of rapidity and convenience，and the high specificity of Bru-996 and MTB770 probes in detection of Brucella and Mycobacterium bovis，it was believed that the developed FISH technology could replace relevant traditional methods and be used to diagnose animal brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis in laboratories.

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