科研動態(tài)

禽星狀病毒（avian astrovirus，AAstV）屬于星狀病毒科，包含多種亞型，可以引發(fā)禽腎炎、鴨肝炎以及火雞腹瀉等多種疾病，禽類感染后表現(xiàn)生長發(fā)育遲緩、產(chǎn)蛋下降，嚴(yán)重時可導(dǎo)致死亡，給養(yǎng)殖業(yè)造成一定的損失。此外，AAstV具有感染人的潛在風(fēng)險。目前AAstV的致病機理暫不清楚，只有火雞星狀病毒引發(fā)腸炎的致病機制可作為參考。許多方法已用于AAstV檢測，如電鏡檢測、酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗、細胞培養(yǎng)和病毒分離以及分子技術(shù)檢測等。AAstV亞型較多，疫苗和藥物研發(fā)存在較大難度，給該病防治帶來一定的挑戰(zhàn)。本文圍繞AAstV的病原學(xué)、國內(nèi)外流行情況、感染后臨床癥狀及致病機制以及檢測方法和控制措施等進行了綜述，以期為后期進一步研究提供參考。

Advances in the Researches on Avian Astrovirus

Avian astrovirus（AAstV），a member of astroviridae family，includes a variety of subtypes，which may lead to avian nephritis，duck hepatitis，turkey diarrhea and other diseases. Such symptoms as growth retardation and decline in egg production even death may be observed in infected poultry，which would bring certain losses to breeding industry. In addition，the virus may bring potential risk to human. However，its pathogenic mechanism has been unknown，except the one for enteritis caused by Turkey astrovirus that may be used as a reference. The virus may be detected by many methods，such as electron microscopy，enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA），cell culture and virus isolation，molecular technology，etc. However，it would be difficult to develop vaccines or drugs due to many subtypes，which brings certain challenges to the prevention and treatment of the disease. In the paper，the etiology，epidemic status all over the world，clinical symptoms，pathogenic mechanism，detection methods and countermeasures were summarized，so as to provide a reference for further researches in the future.

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